jimtrue.com : school : BSC2011L : Lab 02: Domain Bacteria & Kingdom Protista
Posted by Jim True on September 6, 2004 8:18 AM. Last Updated October 22, 2006 9:23 PM
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Lab 02: Domain Bacteria & Kingdom Protista
Objectives
- To become familiar with representation of two of the five kingdoms of living organisms (five?).
- Know the basic characteristics of the Domain Eubacteria.
- Know the terms for the shapes found among the bacteria. coccus (spherical), bacillus (rod) and (spirillum) corkscrew or spiral. Cocci may occur in single cells, clusters (staphylo-) or as chains (strepto-) of cells. Spirillum refers to long corkscrew, spirochetes are short corkscrew, vibrio refers to a very short, comma shaped cell.
- Observe the differences in Gram's stain for Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria.
- Know the basic characteristics for the major groups in the Kingdom Protista: the protozoans, the algae and the slime molds (next week).
- Know one major characteristic for each of the different phyla of the animal and plant-like Protista.
Terms to Know:
- autotroph - Self-feeder
- heterotroph - Feeds off others or environment
- saprope - obtains nutriotion by releasing digestive enzymes 'outside' its body and absorbing the resulting nutrients
- aerobe - Needs oxygen to live
- anaerobe - Lives without oxygen
- facultative - Can be present or not present (used with symbiotic relationships or oxygen environments).
- obligate - Condition MUST exist in order for organism to survive.
- flora - any type of photosynthetic organism (also any cluster of organisms found in another organism).
- symbiosis - Intimate relationship between two unrelated organisms where one lives on or inside the other
- mutualism - in a symbiotic relationship, both benefit
- commensalism - in a symbiotic relationship, one benefits; the other is neutral
- parasitism - in a symbiotic relationship, one benefits; the other (the host) is harmed
- spore - a protective, encapsulating structure
- fruiting body - (fungi) reproductive structgure of a fungus
- pathogen - disease causing organism or element
- cilium(-a) - shorter than flagella and generally more numerous; propels protist by coordinated rowing motions.
- flagellum(-a) - long, threadlike organelle that tuns with a corkscrew-like motions that push or pull the protist through its liquid environment. Flagella on bacteria are similiar but different.
- pseudopodium(-a) - cytoplasmic extensions of the cell; remainder of the cytoplasm flows into the extension moving the cell forward.
- colony - group of individual cells clustered together
- Gram positive - stain used on bacteria; if the bacteria accepts the stain, appears purple in color. Presence of thick peptidoglycan cell wall indicated.
- Gram negative - stain not accepted, appears orange or red in color. Very thin peptidoglycan cell wall indicated.
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